Proteína, or “protein” in English, refers to a large, complex molecule composed of one or more long chains of amino acids. Proteins play a crucial role in the body, serving as the building blocks for tissues, organs, and cells. They are essential for various biological functions, including catalyzing metabolic reactions as enzymes, facilitating cellular communication, and providing structural support to cells and tissues.
Proteins are made up of 20 different amino acids, with the sequence and arrangement of these amino acids determining the specific structure and function of each protein. They are fundamental to the growth, repair, and maintenance of the body’s tissues. Additionally, proteins are involved in transporting molecules, defending against pathogens, and regulating bodily processes.
Dietary sources of proteins include meat, fish, eggs, dairy products, legumes, and nuts. The body requires adequate protein intake to sustain its various functions, and proteins are thus considered one of the three macronutrients essential for human health, alongside carbohydrates and fats.
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